Child Cochlear Implant
Congenital hearing loss — causes and management
Congenital hearing loss is present at birth. Causes include genetic factors, prenatal infections, prematurity, jaundice, ototoxic medications and birth complications.
About 50% of congenital sensorineural hearing loss is genetic; the remainder is environmental or unknown. Common identifiable causes: GJB2 (connexin 26) mutations, congenital CMV infection, prematurity with neonatal intensive care, severe neonatal jaundice, ototoxic drugs.
Management starts with confirmation (BERA/ASSR), determination of severity, hearing aid trial, family counselling and — for severe-to-profound losses with limited aid benefit — cochlear implant evaluation.
Medical disclaimer: This information is for awareness and education only. It does not replace consultation with a qualified ENT surgeon, audiologist or medical professional. Cochlear implant eligibility must be determined after clinical evaluation and diagnostic testing.
Reviewed by HearClear Clinical Editorial Team · Last reviewed: 2026-06-15